Hepatitt A

Hepatitis A: Everything You Need to Know

What is Hepatitis A?

Hepatitis A is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). It is usually spread through contact with contaminated food or water. Symptoms of hepatitis A can include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, light-colored stools, joint pain, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). In severe cases, hepatitis A can lead to liver failure and death.

How is Hepatitis A Spread?

Hepatitis A is spread through contact with contaminated food or water. The virus can be found in the feces of infected people, and it can be transmitted when someone ingests contaminated food or water. Hepatitis A can also be spread through contact with infected blood or other bodily fluids.

Who is at Risk for Hepatitis A?

Anyone can get hepatitis A, but certain groups are at higher risk, including:

• People who travel to developing countries
• People who eat raw or undercooked shellfish
• People who use illicit drugs
• People who have close contact with someone who is infected with hepatitis A

What are the Symptoms of Hepatitis A?

The symptoms of hepatitis A can range from mild to severe. Some people may not have any symptoms at all. Symptoms of hepatitis A can include:

• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Dark urine
• Light-colored stools
• Joint pain
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

How is Hepatitis A Diagnosed?

Hepatitis A is diagnosed with a blood test that detects antibodies to the hepatitis A virus. A blood test can also be used to measure the amount of virus in the blood.

How is Hepatitis A Treated?

There is no specific treatment for hepatitis A. Treatment is supportive and focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing complications. Treatment may include:

• Rest
• Plenty of fluids
• A healthy diet
• Over-the-counter pain relievers

How can Hepatitis A be Prevented?

Hepatitis A can be prevented with a vaccine. The hepatitis A vaccine is safe and effective and is recommended for all children and adults. The vaccine is given in two doses, six months apart. You can also protect yourself from hepatitis A by:

• Washing your hands thoroughly with soap and water after using the bathroom and before eating
• Avoiding raw or undercooked shellfish
• Getting vaccinated against hepatitis A before traveling to developing countries
• Using condoms during sex

What is the Outlook for Hepatitis A?

Most people with hepatitis A recover completely within a few months. However, some people may develop chronic hepatitis A, which can lead to liver damage and liver failure. Chronic hepatitis A is more likely to occur in people who have weakened immune systems.